Much of what became his typical style of ornamentation (for example, his fioriture) is taken from singing. Less direct in the earlier period are the influences of Polish folk music and of Italian opera. Chopin's early works are in the style of the "brilliant" keyboard pieces of his era as exemplified by the works of Ignaz Moscheles, Friedrich Kalkbrenner, and others. He cited Bach and Mozart as the two most important composers in shaping his musical outlook. He was also influenced by Hummel's development of virtuoso, yet Mozartian, piano technique. All his known works involve the piano, and only a few range beyond solo piano music, as either piano concertos, songs or chamber music.Ĭhopin was educated in the tradition of Beethoven, Haydn, Mozart and Clementi he used Clementi's piano method with his own students. Over 230 works of Chopin survive some compositions from early childhood have been lost. His works remain popular, and he has been the subject of numerous films and biographies of varying historical fidelity. His innovations in style, harmony, and musical form, and his association of music with nationalism, were influential throughout and after the late Romantic period.Ĭhopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his (indirect) association with political insurrection, his high-profile love-life, and his early death have made him a leading symbol of the Romantic era. Bach, Mozart, and Schubert, and the atmosphere of the Paris salons of which he was a frequent guest. Among the influences on his style of composition were Polish folk music, the classical tradition of J.S. His major piano works also include mazurkas, waltzes, nocturnes, polonaises, études, impromptus, scherzos, preludes and sonatas, some published only posthumously. Chopin invented the concept of the instrumental ballade. His piano writing was technically demanding and expanded the limits of the instrument: his own performances were noted for their nuance and sensitivity. Most are for solo piano, though he also wrote two piano concertos, a few chamber pieces, and some 19 songs set to Polish lyrics. He died in Paris in 1849 at the age of 39, probably of pericarditis aggravated by tuberculosis.Īll of Chopin's compositions include the piano. For most of his life, Chopin was in poor health. In his final years, he was supported financially by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838–39 would prove one of his most productive periods of composition. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska from 1836 to 1837, he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer Amantine Dupin (known by her pen name, George Sand). In 1835, Chopin obtained French citizenship. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his other musical contemporaries (including Robert Schumann). He supported himself by selling his compositions and by giving piano lessons, for which he was in high demand. Thereafter-in the last 18 years of his life-he gave only 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. A child prodigy, he completed his musical education and composed his earlier works in Warsaw before leaving Poland at the age of 20, less than a month before the outbreak of the November 1830 Uprising. He has maintained worldwide renown as a leading musician of his era, one whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation."Ĭhopin was born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin in the Duchy of Warsaw and grew up in Warsaw, which in 1815 became part of Congress Poland. Frédéric François Chopin (1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era who wrote primarily for solo piano.
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